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pages:howtos:bash:bash-command-line-editing [2021/02/11 13:03] – [Working with Bash Keyboard Shortcuts] mischerhpages:howtos:bash:bash-command-line-editing [2021/12/09 21:57] (current) – [Related] rokkitlawnchair
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 {{tag>bash howto commandlineediting keyboard shortcut}} {{tag>bash howto commandlineediting keyboard shortcut}}
-FIXME +====== Working with Bash Keyboard Shortcuts ====== 
-====== Bash - Command Line Editing ======+
 ===== Sources ===== ===== Sources =====
   * https://ss64.com/bash/syntax-keyboard.html   * https://ss64.com/bash/syntax-keyboard.html
   * https://www.howtogeek.com/howto/ubuntu/keyboard-shortcuts-for-bash-command-shell-for-ubuntu-debian-suse-redhat-linux-etc/   * https://www.howtogeek.com/howto/ubuntu/keyboard-shortcuts-for-bash-command-shell-for-ubuntu-debian-suse-redhat-linux-etc/
  
-===== Basic Shortcuts =====+===== The Basics =====
 Bash is the default command-line shell on most Linux distributions and included in macOS. On Windows you can install a Linux-based bash environment ([[https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install-win10|WSL]], [[https://www.cygwin.com/|Cygwin]]). Bash is the default command-line shell on most Linux distributions and included in macOS. On Windows you can install a Linux-based bash environment ([[https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install-win10|WSL]], [[https://www.cygwin.com/|Cygwin]]).
  
 The bash shell features a wide variety of keyboard shortcuts you can use. These will work in bash on any operating system. Some of them may not work if you’re accessing bash remotely through an SSH or telnet session, depending on how you have your keys mapped. The bash shell features a wide variety of keyboard shortcuts you can use. These will work in bash on any operating system. Some of them may not work if you’re accessing bash remotely through an SSH or telnet session, depending on how you have your keys mapped.
 +
 +With a few of these in your toolbelt, you’ll be a Terminal master in no time.
 +
 ^ Shortcut                    ^ Command                                                        ^ ^ Shortcut                    ^ Command                                                        ^
 | <key>CTRL+L</key>           | Clear the screen.                                              | | <key>CTRL+L</key>           | Clear the screen.                                              |
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-==== TAB completion ====+===== TAB completion ===== 
 **Tab completion** is a very useful bash feature. While typing a //file name//, //directory name//, or //command//, press <key>TAB</key> and bash will automatically complete what you’re typing, if possible. If not, bash will show you various possible matches and you can continue typing and pressing <key>TAB</key> to finish typing. **Tab completion** is a very useful bash feature. While typing a //file name//, //directory name//, or //command//, press <key>TAB</key> and bash will automatically complete what you’re typing, if possible. If not, bash will show you various possible matches and you can continue typing and pressing <key>TAB</key> to finish typing.
  
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 For example: if you have a file named //really_long_file_name// in ///home/user/// and it’s the only file name starting with “**r**” in that directory, you can type ///home/user/r//, press <key>TAB</key>, and bash will automatically fill in ///home/user/really_long_file_name// for you. If you have multiple files or directories starting with “**r**”, bash will inform you of your possibilities. You can start typing one of them and press <key>TAB</key> to continue. For example: if you have a file named //really_long_file_name// in ///home/user/// and it’s the only file name starting with “**r**” in that directory, you can type ///home/user/r//, press <key>TAB</key>, and bash will automatically fill in ///home/user/really_long_file_name// for you. If you have multiple files or directories starting with “**r**”, bash will inform you of your possibilities. You can start typing one of them and press <key>TAB</key> to continue.
  
-==== Moving the cursor ====+===== Moving the cursor ===== 
 Use the following shortcuts to quickly move the cursor around the current line while typing a command. Use the following shortcuts to quickly move the cursor around the current line while typing a command.
 ^ Shortcut                            ^ Command                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    ^ ^ Shortcut                            ^ Command                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    ^
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 | <key>Ctrl+xx</key>                  | (double tap 'X' ) Move between the beginning of the line and the current position of the cursor. This allows you to press <key>Ctrl+xx</key> to return to the start of the line, change something, and then press <key>Ctrl+xx</key> to go back to your original cursor position. To use this shortcut, hold the <key>C</key> and tap <key>X</key> twice.  | | <key>Ctrl+xx</key>                  | (double tap 'X' ) Move between the beginning of the line and the current position of the cursor. This allows you to press <key>Ctrl+xx</key> to return to the start of the line, change something, and then press <key>Ctrl+xx</key> to go back to your original cursor position. To use this shortcut, hold the <key>C</key> and tap <key>X</key> twice.  |
  
-==== Editing ====+===== Editing ===== 
 Use the following shortcuts to quickly delete characters, fix typos and undo your key presses. Bash also includes some basic cut-and-paste features and is able to convert characters to upper or lower case. Use the following shortcuts to quickly delete characters, fix typos and undo your key presses. Bash also includes some basic cut-and-paste features and is able to convert characters to upper or lower case.
 ^ Shortcut                  ^ Command                                                                                                                                                                                                                ^ ^ Shortcut                  ^ Command                                                                                                                                                                                                                ^
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 | <key>CTRL+_</key>         | Undo                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | | <key>CTRL+_</key>         | Undo                                                                                                                                                                                                                   |
  
-==== Special keys: Tab, Backspace, Enter, Esc ====+===== Special keys: Tab, Backspace, Enter, Esc ===== 
 Text Terminals send characters (bytes), not key strokes. Special keys such as **Tab**, **Backspace**, **Enter** and **Esc** are encoded as control characters. Control characters are not printable, they display in the terminal as //^// and are intended to have an effect on applications. Text Terminals send characters (bytes), not key strokes. Special keys such as **Tab**, **Backspace**, **Enter** and **Esc** are encoded as control characters. Control characters are not printable, they display in the terminal as //^// and are intended to have an effect on applications.
  
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 similarly <key>CTRL+v</key> <key>ENTER</key> will display the escape sequence for the Enter key: **%%^M%%**. similarly <key>CTRL+v</key> <key>ENTER</key> will display the escape sequence for the Enter key: **%%^M%%**.
  
-==== History ==== +===== Working With Your Command History ===== 
-^ Shortcut                           ^ Command                                                                                                                                       ^ +You can quickly scroll through your recent commands, which are stored in your user account’s bash history file. 
-| <key>CTRL+R</key> or <key>⇧</key>  | Recall the last command including the specified character(s). Searches the command history as you type. Equivalent to : vim ~/.bash_history.  | +^ Shortcut Command                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        || 
-| <key>CTRL+P</key> or <key>⇩</key>  | Previous command in history (i.e. walk back through the command history)                                                                      | +| <key>CTRL+r</key>                  | This will enter **Bash recall mode** which you can use to search for commands you’ve previously run. It recalls the last command matching the characters you provide. \\ Press <key>CTRL+r</key> and start typing to search your bash history (//~/.bash_history//) for a command.  | 
-| <key>CTRL+N</key>                  | Next command in history (i.e. walk forward through the command history)                                                                       | +| <key>CTRL+o</key>                  | Execute the command found via <key>Ctrl+r</key> or <key>Ctrl+s</key>                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 
-| <key>CTRL+S</key>                  | Go back to the next most recent command. (beware to not execute it from a terminal because this will also launch its XOFF).                   | +| <key>CTRL+G</key>                  | Leave **Bash recall mode** without running a command.                                                                                                                                                                                                                               | 
-| <key>CTRL+O</key>                  | Execute the command found via <key>Ctrl+r</key> or <key>Ctrl+s</key>                                                                          | +| <key>CTRL+P</key> or <key>⇧</key>  | Go to the previous command in the command history. Press the shortcut multiple times to walk back through the history.                                                                                                                                                              | 
-| <key>CTRL+G</key>                  | Escape from history searching mode                                                                                                            | +| <key>CTRL+N</key> or <key>⇩</key>  | Go to the next command in the command history. Press the shortcut multiple times to walk forward through the history.                                                                                                                                                               | 
-| !!                                 | Repeat last command                                                                                                                           | +| <key>ALT+r</key>                   | Revert any changes to a command you’ve pulled from your history if you’ve edited it.                                                                                                                                                                                                | 
-| !abc                               | Run last command starting with abc                                                                                                            | +| <key>CTRL+s</key>                  | Go back to the next most recent command. (beware to not execute it from a terminal because this will also launch its **XOFF**).                                                                                                                                                     | 
-| !abc:p                             | Print last command starting with abc                                                                                                          | +| !!                                 | Repeat last command                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                 | 
-| !$                                 | Last argument of previous command                                                                                                             | +| !abc                               | Run last command starting with abc                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  | 
-| <key>ALT+.</key>                   | Last argument of previous command                                                                                                             | +| !abc:p                             | Print last command starting with abc                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                | 
-| !*                                 | All arguments of previous command                                                                                                             | +| !$                                 | Last argument of previous command                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | 
-| %%^abc^def%%                       | Run previous command, replacing abc with def                                                                                                  |+| <key>ALT+.</key>                   | Last argument of previous command                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | 
 +| !*                                 | All arguments of previous command                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   | 
 +| %%^abc^def%%                       | Run previous command, replacing abc with def                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        | 
 + 
 +===== Process control =====
  
-==== Process control ==== 
 Use the following shortcuts to manage running processes. Use the following shortcuts to manage running processes.
 ^ Shortcut           ^ Command                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ^ ^ Shortcut           ^ Command                                                                                                                                                                                                                 ^
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 | <key>CTRL+z</key>  | Suspend the current foreground process running in bash. This sends the **SIGTSTP signal** to the process. To return the process to the foreground later, use the **fg** //process_name// command.                       | | <key>CTRL+z</key>  | Suspend the current foreground process running in bash. This sends the **SIGTSTP signal** to the process. To return the process to the foreground later, use the **fg** //process_name// command.                       |
  
-==== Controlling the screen ====+===== Controlling the screen ===== 
 The following shortcuts allow you to control what appears on the screen. The following shortcuts allow you to control what appears on the screen.
 ^ Shortcut           ^ Command                                                                                                                                                                  ^ ^ Shortcut           ^ Command                                                                                                                                                                  ^
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 ===== Emacs mode vs Vi Mode ===== ===== Emacs mode vs Vi Mode =====
-All the above assume that bash is running in the **default Emacs setting**, if you prefer this can be switched to **Vi shortcuts** instead.+The above instructions assume you’re using the **default keyboard shortcut configuration** in bash. By **default**, bash uses **emacs-style** keys. If you’re more used to the **vi text editor**, you can switch to **vi-style** keyboard shortcuts.
  
-Set **Vi Mode** in bash:+The following command will put bash into **vi mode**:
 <sxh bash; gutter: false> <sxh bash; gutter: false>
 set -o vi set -o vi
 </sxh> </sxh>
  
-Set **Emacs Mode** in bash:+The following command will put bash back into the **default emacs mod**e:
 <sxh bash; gutter: false> <sxh bash; gutter: false>
 set -o emacs set -o emacs
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   * [[http://catern.com/posts/terminal_quirks.html|Terminals Are Weird]] - How and why of terminal keybindings.   * [[http://catern.com/posts/terminal_quirks.html|Terminals Are Weird]] - How and why of terminal keybindings.
   * Equivalent [[https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/keyboard-shortcuts-in-windows-dcc61a57-8ff0-cffe-9796-cb9706c75eec|Windows Keyboard shortcuts]]   * Equivalent [[https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/keyboard-shortcuts-in-windows-dcc61a57-8ff0-cffe-9796-cb9706c75eec|Windows Keyboard shortcuts]]
 +
 +----
 +~~DISCUSSION~~
pages/howtos/bash/bash-command-line-editing.1613048609.txt.gz · Last modified: 2021/02/11 13:03 by mischerh